Treatments for depression typically include a combination of psychotherapy (such as cognitive-behavioral therapy or CBT), medications (such as antidepressants), and lifestyle changes. In some cases, other treatments like electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may be recommended. The best treatment plan depends on the individual’s needs and the severity of the depression.

Depression is diagnosed by a healthcare provider or mental health professional through a comprehensive evaluation that includes discussing your symptoms, medical history, and sometimes completing questionnaires or assessments. A diagnosis is typically made based on criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).

Common symptoms of depression include persistent sadness or low mood, loss of interest in activities once enjoyed, fatigue or lack of energy, changes in appetite or weight, difficulty sleeping or oversleeping, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of death or suicide.