A typical gynecological exam includes a discussion of your health history, a pelvic exam, a breast exam, and possibly a Pap smear. During the pelvic exam, your gynecologist will check the health of your reproductive organs by feeling for abnormalities in the uterus, ovaries, and cervix. The Pap smear involves collecting cells from the cervix to screen for cervical cancer. Your gynecologist will also discuss any concerns or symptoms you may have and recommend follow-up care as needed.

It is recommended that women have a gynecological exam annually, especially if they are sexually active, over the age of 21, or experiencing symptoms such as abnormal periods or pelvic pain. Annual exams typically include a pelvic exam, a Pap smear, and a breast exam. Depending on your health and medical history, your gynecologist may recommend more or less frequent visits.

Common conditions treated by gynecologists include menstrual disorders (such as heavy or irregular periods), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, fibroids, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), ovarian cysts, pelvic pain, infertility, and menopause-related symptoms. Gynecologists also screen for and treat gynecologic cancers, such as cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancer.