How Does Medical Cannabis Work?
Medical cannabis, a form of plant-based medicine, is distinguished by its active compounds known as cannabinoids. With 80 to 1000 cannabinoids present in these plants, Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD) take centre stage. While THC alleviates pain and induces a "high," CBD offers targeted pain relief without psychoactive effects.
Most medical cannabis products, including oral capsules, oils, dried cannabis, and more, feature varying ratios of THC and CBD, activating the body's CB1 and CB2 receptors. CB1 receptors, located in the central nervous system, mediate psychoactive effects, while CB2 receptors in bodily tissues help reduce inflammation.
What May Medical Cannabis Be Used For?
Medical cannabis has emerged as a versatile solution, offering over 100 different products tailored to address terminal illnesses, chronic pain, insomnia, epilepsy, anxiety, multiple sclerosis (MS), and cancer-related symptoms like nausea. The different cannabinoids found in these plants are effective in helping lower inflammation and regulating the immune system. However, it's important to be aware of potential side effects such as dizziness, difficulty concentrating, drowsiness, and increased appetite, with variations depending on the dosage and product type.
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Who Can Provide Medical Cannabis?
Accessing medical cannabis is strictly regulated, requiring specific patient groups to seek advice and supervision from medical professionals. Your doctor is key in deciding if medical cannabis is right for you and in selecting the best products for your needs. Since medical cannabis isn’t covered by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), costs can vary based on your condition, product choice, and dosage.
Since its legalisation in 2016, medical cannabis in Australia has been subject to rigorous regulation by the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). Each Australian state and territory has distinct laws governing legal access to medical cannabis, providing a framework for patients and healthcare professionals alike. To understand the legal rules, it's important to check your state or territory's health website for the most up-to-date information.
Conditions Treated with Medical Marijuana
Chronic Pain
Chronic pain is one of the most common reasons for prescribing medicinal cannabis. Conditions like arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and long-term back pain are often managed with medical cannabis when other medicines have failed. The anti-inflammatory properties of CBD, along with the pain-relieving effects of THC, make medical cannabis a valuable option for many suffering from ongoing pain.
Multiple Sclerosis and Muscle Spasms
People with multiple sclerosis often experience debilitating muscle spasms. Medical cannabis, especially products high in CBD, can help reduce these spasms and improve mobility. Studies have shown that medicinal cannabis treatment can be an effective option for those who do not respond well to traditional approved treatments like muscle relaxants.
Nausea and Vomiting from Cancer Treatment
Cancer treatment often causes severe nausea and vomiting, making it hard for patients to maintain their quality of life. Medical cannabis is frequently used to ease these side effects, particularly when first-line treatments are not effective. The anti-nausea properties of THC and CBD can provide significant relief, making medicinal cannabis a preferred option for many undergoing chemotherapy.
Epilepsy and Seizures
CBD, a key compound in medical cannabis, has been proven effective in reducing seizures, particularly in drug-resistant forms of epilepsy. Medicinal cannabis treatment can dramatically improve the quality of life for those with epilepsy, especially in children. In some cases, it may be recommended when traditional first-line treatments fail to control the condition.
Mental Health Conditions (PTSD, Anxiety)
Medical cannabis is now widely used to treat mental health issues like PTSD and anxiety. While THC can sometimes increase anxiety, CBD is known to have calming effects that can reduce symptoms. It’s important to work closely with a healthcare provider to ensure that medicinal cannabis treatment is appropriate and to manage the balance between potential benefits and risks.
Benefits and Risks of Medical Marijuana
Potential Benefits
The potential benefits of medicinal cannabis treatment are vast. It can provide relief from chronic pain, reduce symptoms of multiple sclerosis, improve appetite in cancer patients, and even help with mental health conditions like PTSD. Medical cannabis offers an alternative to traditional first-line treatments, especially when other medicines are not effective, improving the overall quality of life for many patients.
Side Effects and Risks
Common side effects include dizziness, impaired memory, slower reaction times, and potential interactions with other medicines. Long-term use may lead to dependency or cognitive issues. It’s crucial to discuss these risks with a healthcare provider to ensure medicinal cannabis treatment is safe and appropriate for your condition.
Forms of Medical Marijuana and How to Use Them
Inhalation Methods
Inhaling medical cannabis through smoking or vaping is one of the fastest ways to experience its effects. However, this method may not be suitable for everyone, especially those with lung conditions. Inhalation methods are commonly used for conditions like nerve pain, where quick relief is necessary, but it’s essential to weigh the benefits against the potential risks to lung health.
Edibles and Oral Consumption
Edibles and oral consumption, such as liquid capsules or tinctures, provide a slower onset of effects but are often longer-lasting. This method is ideal for conditions requiring steady relief, like chronic pain or anxiety. It’s important to start with a low dose and increase gradually, as the effects of edibles can take longer to manifest and are often stronger than other forms of medicinal cannabis.
Topical and Transdermal Applications
Topical applications, like creams and transdermal patches, are used for localised nerve pain or inflammation. These forms of medical cannabis do not cause a "high" and are absorbed through the skin directly into the affected area. This method is particularly beneficial for those who need relief in specific areas without affecting the rest of the body.
How to Obtain Medical Marijuana
Getting a Medical Marijuana Card
To access medicinal cannabis, patients typically need a medical marijuana card, which confirms that a healthcare provider has approved the use of medicinal cannabis for their condition. The process to obtain this card varies by state and may include a consultation with a certified doctor, submission of medical records, and a state-specific application. This card allows patients to legally purchase medicinal cannabis from authorised dispensaries.
Choosing a Dispensary
Selecting the right dispensary is crucial for obtaining high-quality medicinal cannabis. Patients should look for a dispensary with knowledgeable staff who can guide them on the best products for their medical condition. When choosing where to buy medicinal cannabis, consider factors like product variety, pricing, and patient reviews.
Is Medical Marijuana Right for You?
Key Considerations Before Getting Started
Before starting medicinal cannabis treatment, patients should consider their overall health, the current medicines they are taking, and any legal implications. To determine if medical cannabis is a suitable treatment, consult a healthcare provider who will carefully evaluate factors like your age, health conditions, and potential drug interactions.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while this article provides general insights into the world of medical cannabis, it is essential to consult a medical professional for personalised advice and guidance. Medical cannabis holds great promise as a therapeutic option, and with the right information and support, individuals can make informed decisions about their health and well-being.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who can get medicinal cannabis in Australia?
In Australia, medicinal cannabis can be prescribed to patients who have a medical condition that hasn’t responded to other medicines or approved treatments. Conditions such as chronic pain, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and cancer pain are common reasons for prescribing medicinal cannabis. The Therapeutic Goods Administration oversees the approval process, ensuring that medicinal cannabis products are used for legitimate medicinal purposes and not recreational cannabis use.
Does Chemist Warehouse do medical cannabis?
Chemist Warehouse does not directly dispense medical cannabis but can fulfill prescriptions for medicinal cannabis products once they are prescribed by a qualified doctor. Patients need to follow the legal process, including obtaining a prescription and approval from the Therapeutic Goods Administration. While Chemist Warehouse offers a range of other medicines, medical cannabis requires special handling due to its controlled status under drug control regulations.
Can you get medical cannabis for anxiety in Australia?
Yes, in Australia, medical cannabis can be prescribed for anxiety, but it is generally considered when first-line treatments have not been effective. Doctors may prescribe medicinal cannabis treatment if the patient’s anxiety symptoms have not responded to other therapies. Different medicinal cannabis products, derived from the cannabis plant, are available for anxiety, and their use is carefully regulated by the Therapeutic Goods Administration.
Is medical cannabis good for depression?
Medical cannabis is sometimes used to manage symptoms of depression, especially when other treatments haven’t worked. However, it is not typically a first-line treatment. The effectiveness of medicinal cannabis for depression varies, and it may be prescribed in cases where the patient does not respond well to other medicines. As with anxiety, taking medicinal cannabis for depression should be done under the supervision of a healthcare professional, with the approval of the Therapeutic Goods Administration.
